The Effects Of Drug Abuse On Our Life - 3393 Words

This essay will be written to raise awareness into the idea of drug abuse and what causes it as this is a growing issue within adolescents in our world today. This essay will help to inform people into the negative impact drugs can have on your life and to also outline how an individual can refrain from such acts. It is worthy of investigation due to the fact that it will enable one to gain a greater understanding through science and research about how an individual within the aforementioned age group can be influenced by differing factors, which ultimately lead to consumption of drugs. The essay aims to ensure individuals refrain from conforming to the underlying contention of drugs as a negative substance. To fully grasp an†¦show more content†¦Teenagers and young adults choose to take drugs for many different reasons and these include: To fit in, to escape from pressures, to relieve boredom, to seem grown up, to rebel, to experiment (drug free world 2006) Many teenagers feel as though consuming drugs acts as a solution to their problems. However, the drugs usually become a major problem affecting their life as the years pass on. Drugs soon become an addiction and lead people’s life astray. The addiction itself can be considered a brain disease because drugs change the function and structure of the brain (NIH, 2014). The brain is made-up of a variety of parts that all interconnect to take out a specific job. When drugs are consumed they cause the brain to stop functioning in the way that it usually does. Drugs can affect three primary areas of the brain and these include: The brain stem, the cerebral cortex and the limbic system. (Brain and addiction, 2014) For most people the initial decision to consume or inject any type of drug is voluntary. However, over time, drug use can cause changes to the brain and this can take away peoples self-control and therefore limit their ability to make sound decisions in certain circumstanc es. There are many biological and socio-cultural factors that do indeed play a role in drug use, and this essay will attempt to explain these factors with reference to relevant research studies.

The Impact Of Finance On Real Estate Assets And The...

From my previous work experience within real estate private equity, accounting and debt strategies, I knew what they all had in common and what I really enjoyed doing. I realized that what fascinated me was the influence of finance on real estate assets and the economic outlook of the entire world economy. Studying modules such as, Financial Markets, Multinational Financial Management, Financial Statistics, Mathematics and Economics at university level was the revelation that perfectly matched my ambition in what I wanted to do. Studying the different factors that influence financial markets, organisations and entire nations is combining my interests for Finance to the balance I aimed for. I consider myself fortunate in having the†¦show more content†¦My average grade from my 2nd year is 74% and I achieved an average of 1.5 from my year abroad in Germany. Furthermore, I have achieved an average of 76% for the first semester of my final year; as such I am predicted to graduat e with a high 1st class degree in International Business and Finance. Moreover, I have an innate interest in quantitative subjects, which has been demonstrated by the excellent results achieved in subjects such as, Collecting and Using Business Data (80%), Understanding Business Data (82%), Macroeconomic Analysis (79%) and Quantitative Techniques (87%). With more than 50 Credits in quantitative modules coupled with practical financial modelling experience, I believe I am equipped with the necessary background to cope with the requirements of the MSc Finance at LSE. I believe that what is being looked from applicants is ambition to develop the field of Finance in innovative ways that can help the discipline to move forward. Moreover, The MSc Finance Part-time will require individuals that are able to balance both academic and work commitments. In relation to that I am enthusiastic, committed, positive and an independent learner who is able to demonstrate initiative and creative thought. I have developed extremely efficient time management skills while successfully balancing my academic life

Operational Plan Goals and Objectives

Question: Discuss about the Operational Plan for Goals and Objectives. Answer: The strategic plan is all about identifying the goals and objectives and determining a range of strategies to pursue so that the organization will achieve its goals. Here the given company has already set out the strategic plan for the purpose of establishing the operational plan. Based on the resources of the organization, the company will develop their suitable operational plan for the specified period (Arora, 2016). This will ensure the seamless operation for the long period. Therefore, the operational plan shall contain within the strategic plan and allocate resources, set a timeline along with stipulating performance indicator. Measurement: The sufficient resources are required for manufacturing luxury goods. The company needs to allocate human resource and financial resource which needs to incorporate in the operational strategy. Measurement of Human Resource: Before employing the human resource, the company needs to measure the skill and capabilities of employees. For example, marketing manager of the company should be capable to manage and motivate a team. Secondly, the job role and responsibilities of the employed people need to be specified. For instance, the production manager will be responsible for maintaining production capacity or increase the proportion of the production capacity. Financial measure: On the other hand, the financial resources must be measured to manufacture the product sensibly. Strategically, the employer shall be the preferable choice for highly skilled people. Therefore, there will be financial resources needs for remuneration. Furthermore, the company should measure the administration costs in the form of Printing and stationery expenses Telephone Rent of the operational premises Research and development The company needs to strategies for purchasing equipments, raw material for luxury goods, promotional costs such as advertisement. Manufacturing process measurement: In the operational plan, the company needs to use certain tools and techniques for ensuring the smooth flow of operation (Issar Navon, 2016). In that case the company requires to measure costs per unit production, completion activity ratio of each employees Responsible Person: As the manufacturing unit, the luxury goods manufacturing company shall employ people for manufacturing, marketing, sales, HR, and administrative. Assigned people with different job profile needs to be responsible for specified job profiles. Therefore, the operational efficiencies of the company will be depends on excellence provided by the each employee. Divisions of the luxury goods company Job designation (profile) Job Responsibilities Marketing General manager (manufacturing) Increase management efficiencies by employing, orienting, training, monitoring and disciplining Providing quality service by maintaining standards of the company and accountability Maintain relationship with employees though strong communication skill Develop combined skill and encourage good team efforts to ensure operational excellence. Keep a close look at production completion and send it to the sales department Finance Finance Executive Maintain job responsibilities regarding the financial records and provide information Budget development Assess financial risk management plan to reduce the financial risks Fund resource planning and record day to day financial transactions Sales General Manager (Sales) Set individual sales target with sales team Monitor the achievement of objective of sales Evaluate performance of sales staff Co-ordinate sales action plans with individual sales executives of the company Negotiation with vendors and delivery final luxury goods Administration Senior Executives (Admin) Maintain administrative discipline Arrange meeting and client negotiation Implementing costs reduction and developing report procedures Develop administration staff by providing experimental growth opportunities, information and training Maintain supply inventory by check stock to determine level of inventory HRM HR executive Staffing peoples as per required by the management Handling recruitment related negotiations with the candidates Keep record the employee database on regular basis Resolving issues related to HRM Maintain discipline at office premises and ensure a good environment (Source: Created by author) Timelines: The implementation of any strategy requires a timeline which is all about time period during which work is executed to achieve the desired outcome. This timelines can be short as a day or it can be several months. The given company is scheduling their activities for 7 days. To accomplish one manufacturing process, the company need seven days time span. Operational Activities 1-2 days 3 days 4-5 days 6-7 days Arranging resources (operational, finance and human resource) Production planning Collection of raw material for producing the luxury goods Start manufacturing Sales and Distribution Collection of revenue Budget (Operational budget): Direct Material Budget Particular FY 2016 Budget production unit 1000 Material required per unit 3.5 Material needs for production 3500 Plus: desired ending Inventory 450 Total material required 3950 less: beginning inventory 3500 Material Unit purchased 7450 Material Cost per Unit 12 Total costs of direct materials 89400 (Source: Created by author) Note: Amount in $ Manufacturing Overhead Budget Particulars FY 2016 Unit to be produced 1000 Variable Overhead Costs $ Indirect material ($4 per unit) 4000 Indirect labor ($3 per unit) 3000 Other ($5 per unit) 5000 Total Variable Overhead Costs 12000 Fixed Overhead Costs Depreciation 10000 Salary (High skilled employees) 5000 Rent 2400 Total Fixed Overhead costs 17400 Total Overhead Costs 29400 Deduct depreciation -10000 Cash payment for Overhead 19400 Manufacturing per unit 19.4 (Source: created by author) Note: Amount in $ References: Arora, R. (2016). Changing Dynamics of a Manufacturing Unit. Performance Improvement, 55(1), 23-35. Issar, G., Navon, L. R. (2016). Manufacturing Overhead (MOH) and Departmental Expense Control. In Operational Excellence (pp. 91-93). Springer International Publishing.

Turkeys application for the membership in the EU

Table of Contents Introduction Focus of Research and Research Questions Methodology and Information Sources Argument Literature Review Conclusion Works Cited Introduction Turkey’s application for the membership in the EU (1987) has brought the relationship between the two parties to the new stage. In 2005, Turkey was given the status of an official candidate for the EU membership, which made the prospect of accepting the country to the Union rather realistic.Advertising We will write a custom dissertation sample on Turkey’s application for the membership in the EU specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Significant differences that relate to the fields of economy, politics and international affairs, culture, civil law and religion have predetermined strong interest to the initial conditions, peculiarities, possible outcomes, potential threats and benefits of the abovementioned union. The rapid progress in the partiesâ⠂¬â„¢ relationship corroborated the possibility of a quick positive outcome of the decades-long negotiation and seemed to reflect their opinion about the future union. At the same time, the last years were marked by a turn in Turkey-EU cooperation. Turkey’s international policy shift from orientation to the West towards the strengthening sympathy for the Muslim Middle East identified the country’s international ambitions connected with its world recognition in the position of a strong independent state. Correspondingly, the EU society found itself concerned about the capability of two different cultures to co-exist, integrate, and successfully interact. The rhetoric of the European countries leaders (Nicolas Sarkozy, Angela Merkel) indicated the shift in the EU society’s attitudes. Today Turkey keeps the status of an official candidate for the EU membership. Both parties do not demonstrate the willingness to revise the prospects of the future cooperation, though not showing strong willingness to force the process. At the same time, it would be quite untimely to assume that both societies’ attitudes towards the potential union are homogeneous and coincide with Turkey’s and the EU’s official position. This predetermines the significance of investigation of discussed topic for the further evolution of the Turkey-EU relationship and gies birth to a range of research questions in the field of social studies that require scholars’ and policy makers’ particular attention.Advertising Looking for dissertation on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Focus of Research and Research Questions The focus of this research is the attitude of the Turkish society towards the possible Turkey-EU union. The purpose of study is to detect the tendencies in the Turkish public opinion about the countries membership in the EU, which may clarify to what ext ent this prospect remains realistic and how the integration will progress in case Turkey is accepted. In the course of study, the following research questions are expected to be answered: What attitudes towards Turkey’s membership in the EU exist in the Turkish society? What arguments do the proponents of each attitude provide to support their point of view? What factors influence the Turkish public opinion? What information sources have the strongest authority with the Turkish population? What is the official opinion of the Turkish government? Does it have significant influence on the attitudes of the population? How do the Turkish people see their own future in case the country enters the European Union? What parties of the Turkish society are the most interested in the EU entry? What are the strongest potential threats of the Turkey-EU union? (economical, political, cultural, social, religious aspects) How do the Turkish people want to see their country in the future? (in ternal condition, international arena) How do the Turkish people perceive the attitude of the EU citizens and officials towards Turkey? What alternatives to the EU membership do the Turkish citizens consider possible for their country? Methodology and Information Sources The study implies analysis of information sources devoted to the discussed topic. It is planned to get familiarized and compare the opinions of scholars and journalists who have been studying the public opinion of the Turkish population about the EU entry, as well as the opinions of the Turkish policy-makers. The following sources will be used in the course of the study: Monographs Articles in scholarly journals Turkish daily newspapers EU documents Interviews with Turkey officials: Egemen Bagis (the Minister of EU affairs in Turkey), Uluc Ozulker (ex-ambassador of Turkey to the EU). Argument The preliminary study of the given issue has demonstrated that the Turkish population is not homogeneous in evaluation of the outcome of Turkey’s EU membership. The tendency of opposition to the Turkey’s EU membership is expected to have been strengthening. The Turkish citizens’ strongest concerns are expected to be connected with: 1) the role Turkey will obtain in the European community after joining the EU; 2) the impact of the union on the life of the ordinary Turkish people; 3) social, cultural and religious differences that will play a role of serious obstacles in the Turkey-EU integration. Hypothesis: despite availability of the attitudinal factors that form resistance towards Turkey’s EU membership, the Turkey population has positive expectations about the potential union.Advertising We will write a custom dissertation sample on Turkey’s application for the membership in the EU specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The literature review provided below is aimed at testing the abovementioned statements. Literature Review Study of Turkey population’s attitude towards the EU membership requires obtaining a background on the Turkish political process. Much has been said about the impact of Islam on the Turkish society. Arat’s (2005) is devoted to analysis of Turkish Islam as a power that influences the Turkish political process. The author also estimates the power of the Turkish women in politics. Arat mentions the â€Å"serious polarization within society† (5) between the secularist and the Islamist poles. White’s work (2002) helps understand the roots and the process of evolution of Islamic politics in Turkey. Ãâ€"zyà ¼rek’s (2006) demonstrates that the secular and Islam issues actively interact and to the great extent oppose each other within the borders of Turkey’s political process. The author states that the secularist tendencies have been strengthening in Turkey during the last few years. Andreson (2008) discusses the dynamics of the democratic process in the Turkish politics and â€Å"the warped dialectic between state and religion in the Turkey†. The democratic trends have been competing to the approach expressed by Erdogan, the AKP leader, †When the feet try to govern the head, it becomes doomsday†. Arikan (2008) marks that the principles of democracy and human rights are the basis of the â€Å"new European political order† (113). Turkish expectations about the EU membership are to the great extent connected with blossoming of these principles in the social life of the country. On the other hand, the domination of the mentioned â€Å"new order† is perceived by some citizens as the invasion to the unique Turkish cultural space that has been forming for centuries. However, Carkoglu (2003) marks that â€Å"general attitudinal bases of resistance to EU membership- religiosity, anti-democratic attitudes and Euro-skepticism – do not form sources of EU refutation† (186). The autho r argues that the Turkish elites are now in the state of polarization, and each force is able to find the necessary rhetoric and persuasion mechanism to â€Å"conquer† the population’s support through media (187). Paradoxically, the elites that resist to the EU membership are able to keep their electoral support (ibid.).Advertising Looking for dissertation on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Carkoglu says that despite the dominating positive attitude towards the EU entry among the Turkish political elites, the legislative changes required by the EU are conducted quite slowly (ibid). Besides, they prefer to not emphasize the EU-related issues during the â€Å"electoral rush†. To form a full understanding of Turkey’s attitude to the EU entry, it is necessary to study the opinion of different parties, such as (at least): officials, political organizations and social movements, media, different social groups. One of the most significant questions in the study of the Turkish public opinion about the EU entry is what parties are the most strongly interested in it. In the abovementioned (2008), Anderson outlines the following, â€Å"In Turkey itself, as in Europe, the major forces working for its entry into the Union are the contemporary incarnations of the party of order: the bourse, the mosque, the barracks and the media. The consensus†¦ is not quite a un animity. Here and there, surly voices of reaction can be heard†¦ For the Turkish left, politically marginal but culturally central, the EU represents hope of some release from the twin cults and repressions of Kemal and the Koran; for the Turkish poor, of chances of employment and elements of welfare; for Kurds and Alevis, of some rights for minorities. How far these hopes are all realistic is another matter†. It is necessary to mark that female participants of the country’s social and political life also demonstrate strong interest towards the issue of the EU entry. Aybar et al (2007) who studied the ordinary Turkey citizens’ expectations about the EU membership argue that the union has been initially perceived by the Turkish women as a trigger of the women’s emancipation process. However, as Tunkrova argues in (2010), despite the legislative reforms, true democratization requires more time and the effort of the domestic actors (4). However, some res earchers share a pessimistic view on the capability of the Turkish society to accept the tendencies of the European new order. Particularly, Kà ¶sebalaban (2001) argues that the Turkish nation’s sympathy for the European values is not able to outweigh the Turkish domestic ideology. On the â€Å"subconscious† level, says Kà ¶sebalaban, a union with Europe is perceived by certain parties as an invasion, an encroachment on Turkey’s independence and identity. However, at the moment, while Turkey has not faced the â€Å"challenge† of EU integration, this should not be equated with the â€Å"conscious level†: the overall attitude of the Turkish nation to the EU membership remains positive. Conclusion A set of factors has predetermined the polarization of the Turkish society between the sense of the national identity and socio-cultural autonomy, and the sympathy for the so-called â€Å"European new order† with its principles of democracy and huma n rights. At all levels, from the political elites to the ordinary citizens, there are proponents and opponents of the Turkey-EU union. Despite the required legislative reforms and social changes progress quite slowly, the overall attitude towards Turkey’s EU membership is positive. It is remarkable that the Turkish people understand that the EU entry will intensify the secularist tendencies in the society and lead to the changes at all levels, from legislation to the everyday life. Despite this fact, the support of the EU membership prospect is strong, which may mean that secularization itself is considered by the Turkey citizens a positive change. Works Cited Anderson, Perry. â€Å"After Kemal†. London Review of Books. 2008. 30 April 2011. https://www.lrb.co.uk/v30/n18/perry-anderson/after-kemal. Arat, Yesim. Rethinking Islam and Liberal Democracy Islamist Women in Turkish Politics. Albany: State University of New York, 2005. Arikan, Harun. Turkey and the EU: an Awkw ard Candidate for EU Membership? Aldershot: Ashgate, 2008. Aybar, C. Bà ¼lent, et al. â€Å"Analysis of Attitudes of Turkish Citizens towards the Effects of EU Membership†. Turkish Studies 8.3 (2007): 329-348. Carkoglu, Ali. â€Å"Who Wants Full Membership? Characteristics of Turkish Public Support for EU Membership.† Turkish Studies 4.1 (2003): 171-94. Kà ¶sebalaban, Hasan. â€Å"Turkey’s EU Membership: A Clash of Security Cultures.† Middle East Policy 9.2 (2002): 130-46. Ãâ€"zyà ¼rek, Esra. Nostalgia for the Modern: State Secularism and Everyday Politics in Turkey. 2006. Duhram, NC: Duke Uinversity Press, 2006. Tunkrova, Lucie. â€Å"The EU Accession Process and Gender Issues: Central Europe and Turkey.† Report for the Fifth Pan-European Conference on EU Politics, Porto, Portugal, 23-26 June 2010. JHUBC. Web. White, Jenny. Islamist Mobilization in Turkey: A Study in Vernacular Politics. Seattle, Wash.: University of Washington Press, 2002. 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